Verbs
Action Verb – tells what action someone or something is performing
Examples:
1. We study the Civil War in history class.
Shane divided the pizza between his friends.
Helping Verbs – helping verbs are placed before other verbs to form verb phrases.
Examples:
1. The store has opened its doors. (has is the helping verb)
2. I might have been singing along with the class. (might have been is the helping verb)
Transitive Verbs – an action verb that has a receiver and it named in the sentence
Examples:
Sandy opened the window with great difficulty. (window is the receiver)
The batter hit the ball over the fence. (ball is the receiver)
Direct Object – is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a transitive verb. A direct object can be found by asking Whom? or What? After an action verb.
Example:
The message reached the lawyer.
Mother lost her purse at the store yesterday.
Sentences:
Write these sentences in your spiral. Underline the transitive verb and box the direct object.
Marcus gave the award to the winner of the contest.
Heather, our faithful leader, took clothing to the shelter.
Many automobiles create pollution in the air.
In the month of November, we will study politics.
After the game on Friday night, the Seniors honored the parents of the players.
Indirect Objects – is a noun or pronoun that comes after the verb and before the direct object. It names the person or thing to which receives the direct object.
Formulas:
S - V - IO - DO
S - V - DO
**You cannot have an indirect object unless you have a direct object.
**Your indirect object (if there) is always before the direct object...NEVER after.
Sentences - Write these sentences in your spiral. Underline the transitive verb and box the direct object and circle the indirect object if there is one.
John gave Samantha a rose for Valentine's Day.
Samantha handed him a box of chocolates in return.
Do gorillas give monkeys a bad name?
Summer offered me many opportunities.
Grassland High School won the championship game.
Intransitive Verbs – an action verb that has no receiver named in the sentence.
Examples:
I ran through the field of flowers. (no receiver)
The war began. (no receiver)
Linking Verbs
is a verb that connects a subject with a word that describes or identifies it.
Verbs that can sometimes be used as helping verbs, can also be linking verbs if there is not an action/main verb attached with it.
A few examples
am
is
are
was
were
be: can be – might be – should be
being: am being – are being – were being -
been: have been – must have been – could have been
Other words that CAN BE (which means they may not always be) used as linking verbs:
appear feel look seem sound taste
become grow remain smell stay turn
Copy the following sentences and underline the linking verb.
The goal of reaching five stars looked impossible.
Tommy appeared stronger than Chance.
The soup tasted delicious.
Many people were responsible for the laughter.
I might be late today.
**Make sure you can distinguish whether a verb is linking or action.**
Examples:
The box looked heavy. (linking) – the box is not looking at anything; looked links box to heavy
I looked at the box. (action) – I actually looked at something. It is an action that I did.
Copy the sentences in your notes and determine if the underlined verb is action or linking.
I will smell the roses sitting on my desk all day. _____
The roses smell delightful. _____
I grew a plant in the basement window. _____
I grew more angry with each passing minute. _____
We will be late for work tomorrow._____
The car appeared new to me._____
The magician appeared from the small box._____
*Action verbs lead to Direct and Indirect Objects.
*Linking Verbs lead to Predicate Nominatives and Predicate Adjectives.
Predicate Nominatives:
A noun or pronoun in the predicate that follows a linking verb and renames or identifies the subject of the sentence.
Example:
Ronnie will be the captain of our team.
Ronnie – subject
will be – linking verb
captain – predicate nominative
What is the predicate nominative in each sentence?
Europe was the home of some early automobiles.
Henry Ford was the man who had financial backing for his invention.
He was the creator of the world's first auto assembly line.
Predicate Adjective
follows the linking verb and describes the subject.
Example:
The flight to Houston was swift.
Flight – subject
was – linking verb
swift – predicate adjective
What is the predicate adjective in the following sentences?
The assembly line was efficient.
Ford's plan for doubling the daily wage was smart.
Assembly line work was unpleasant.